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民国一块大洋现在值多少人民币-对比下鲁迅先生当时的工资就能看出来

来源：名资汇网 caiji007 2023-11-06 06:35:01

钱是在流通过程中和社会发展过程中不断变化的价值。比方说现在我们几千块钱，也不过买些生活用品或者一些普通的家用物品，二三十年前，可能只是一个家庭半年甚至一年的收入。


有时我们看电视剧或某些书时，也会好奇，古代的“银两”、“铜钱”究竟代表了多少钱？但民国时期，货币单位是“洋币”，也叫银圆，还有一种货币叫银元。其购买力又是怎样的？与我们现在的情况相比，情况如何？

民国货币的发展

一国尚未统一，一般也正是各种文化交流、各种思想理论碰撞、甚至同一地区不同法律制度、不同货币种类的碰撞，都是正常的现象。大洋在民国时期流通，实际上早在明万历年间就开始流入中国，直到清光绪年间才得到广泛应用。

民国以前，市场上流通的货币种类繁多，其中以“袁大头”、“孙大头”、“鹰洋”、“龙洋”四种最为常见，市面上的钱币也很多。

清亡后，中国成立民[文]国，袁世凯于191[章]2年任中华民国大总[来]统。袁世凯为巩固统[自]治，减轻铸造压力，[历]决定统一币制。

新币背面印有袁世凯[史]的头像，故称“袁大[大]头”。大洋在统一后[全]，由于有了规范的标[网]准，易于识别，在生[文]活中使用很方便，所[章]以流通迅速。

自那时起，银元已被广泛使用。以我们现在的眼光来看，银元其实就是那个时代独特的象征，浓缩了那个时代的兴衰故事。

币值变迁：历史的见证。

尽管是统一货币，但洋上的购买力在民国不同时期是不同的，即使在同一时期，在不同地区也是不同的。在信息流通远未发展到今天的民国时期，中国地大物博，这也是很正常的事。

重量为73两的100个大洋，基本上没有人带太多的东西。那时物资也比较缺乏，人们的生活水平还不算很高，主要还是用来解决衣食问题。那一片大洋能买什么东西呢，在不同的时间不同的区域，是不一样的。

在1912年的北京，一块儿大洋米可以买到60斤，换算成现在的价格，大概也就是300元左右，而在30年代初，一块儿大洋米只能买到25斤。

在30年代后期，如[来]果是在成都，一个大[自]洋里只能买16斤大[历]米，或者只能买5斤[史]猪肉。价格飞涨得很[大]快，短短三十年间，[全]一块大洋上能买到的[网]东西越来越少。

经济发展变化有其原因，也可能是由于战争频繁，人民生活水平下降，粮食生产和工业生产不稳定，资本家乘机牟取暴利，人民的生活水平自然较低。

洋元购买力：反映人们的生活水平。

就大洋购买力的变化来看，时代潮流的变化对普通百姓的生活水平影响很大。而且对那些当时社会地位较高、收入增长较平稳的人来说，情况又如何呢？从众多文学大家的记载或文学作品中，我们可以窥见一二。

民国初年，文学流派繁盛，社会对教育的重视，文化、知识传播业的从业人员，不但受人尊敬，受人欢迎，在文学创作或教书育人方面，所能获得的收入，也相当高，可算中产以上。

就拿鲁迅先生来说，1919年的时候，他一年赚3500大洋，当时还能买一套房子，到了今天，那怎么也是几百万呢。一九三六年，鲁迅先生去世，在他去世前，他的年收入已达一万五千元。

作为文学大师的鲁迅[文]，当时社会地位高，[章]能力强，除了在各大[来]大学教书外，还有许[自]多稿费、版税收入，[历]其他普通从业者自然[史]没有这麽优厚的条件[大]，当然，他们的收入[全]也绝不会太差。普通[网]教师、作家等，收入[文]也可达到100-2[章]00大洋一类。

毕竟，从事文化和教[来]育行业的人还是少数[自]，更多的普通人，是[历]农民，是工人，或是[史]从事服务业的店员，[大]他们的收入一般也不[全]过10-20大洋，[网]只能勉强过日子。那[文]对于经商的人来说，[章]他们的经济状况又会[来]怎样呢？

如今上海著名的锦江[自]饭店，在民国时期被[历]称为“锦江小饭馆”[史]，租下一家店面开饭[大]馆，需要2000大[全]洋，即10000大[网]洋，当时可以开5家[文]。

自然，餐馆的经营成本、经营成本还是很高的，不能仅以铺面租金来衡量，而要以当时的生活水平来衡量，餐馆这一类消费享乐的地方，也只能由中上层阶层的人来消费，平时一般老百姓是不会去的，一万大洋对于普通人来说，已经是一笔可观的收入，可以过上好日子了。

洋流的时代，也是社[章]会阶层快速变动的时[来]代，因此在短短的几[自]十年里，洋值和购买[历]力也有了快速的变化[史]，如果不是生活在那[大]个时代，仅仅以现在[全]的眼光来看，实在难[网]以推测当时的货币购[文]买力，只能从文学记[章]录和影视记录中，获[来]得当时人们生活的片[自]段信息。

理解历史需要从各个方面着手。无论是文化习俗、文献学书籍，还是法律政策，或是对外交往、商业环境、货币价值，甚至饮食习惯、语言习惯，都是我们了解历史的一个很好的角度。

举例来说，从大洋使[历]用的变化中，我们也[史]了解到当时的文化和[大]人们的生活状况，对[全]比我们现在的生活安[网]逸幸福，真是令人欣[文]慰。

民国初年，出现了许[章]多著名的学者、学者[来]，他们写了许多精彩[自]的故事，其中错综复[历]杂的关系也很值得我[史]们探讨和研究，这其[大]实也是属于那个时代[全]特有的有趣故事。


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